Louis van Bengale

M, #6129, b. circa 1652, d. 1716
ChartsDescendants of Lijsbeth Sanders

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NGK (Cape Town) Baptisms 1665-1695NGK (Cape Town) Baptisms 1665-1695
NGK (Cape Town) Marriages1665-1695NGK (Cape Town) Marriages 1665-1695
NGK Stellenbosch Baptisms 1688-1732NGK Stellenbosch Baptisms 1688-1732
Last Edited03/05/2022
Birth*Louis van Bengale was born circa 1652 in Bengal, the baptism record describes him as “Een bejaert Persoon en vrij jongman zijnde een Benguall van natij, out omtrent drij en twintig jaar”.1
 
BaptismHe was baptized on 5 May 1675 Nederduitsch Gereformeerde Kerk, (Cape Town), de Caep de Goede Hoop, the record describes him as “Een bejaert Persoon en vrij jongman zijnde een Benguall van natij, out omtrent drij en twintig jaar”.2,3 
Marriage De facto*Louis van Bengale and Lijsbeth Sanders were were in a defacto relationship circa 1678 Cabo de Boa Esperança.4 
Marriage De facto*He was in a defacto relationship in 1679 Cabo de Boa Esperança.4 
Marriage*He married Rebecca van Macassar on 21 March 1694 (Cape Town). Rebecca was described as "vrijmaegdt".5,4
 
EngagementLouis van Bengale and Lijsbeth Sanders were "engaged" on 17 March 1687 Stellenbosch, Cabo de Boa Esperança. They appeared before the Magistrate and executed a pledge to marry. According to Hattingh some researchers interpreted this pledge as as a marriage; and Louis' later application to be released from it, as divorce. Hattingh argues that instead, it was merely an agreement or promise.4 
Death*He died in 1716.4
 

Family

Lijsbeth Sanders b. b 2 Mar 1659, d. c 1743
Children
(Slaves) ShipVoyage On 30 January 1662 the Angelier and Oijevaer departed Batavia enroute to de Caep de Goede Hoop where they docked on 2 April 1662. Among the pasengers on board the vessels were Zacharias Wagenaer, Maria aux Brebis and Maria de Bucquoij. Accompanying Wagenaer were his slaves Anthonij de Later van Japan, Annike van Bengale, Louis van Bengale and Willem van Bengale.6,7,8 
LandAppl*He aplied for and was granted land Tafelvallij in 1675 and he used it to grow fruit and vegetables. A year later he was granted an erf in Berg Street, Cape Town on which he built a house.4 
(Owner) FarmHe witnessed the Farm of Anthoniij van Angola and Manuel van Angola between 1683 and 1693.9
Misc* On 15 March 1688 Stellenbosch, Cabo de Boa Esperança, Lijsbeth Sanders was sued by Louis van Bengale for being "absent". He demanded before the court that she must marry him. Lijsbeth claimed that she was not denying her pledge to marry, but that it had actually been conditional as the Magistrate had cautioned Louis to desist from tyranically treating her "met smijten, slaan en dreijgementen van dooden" (by throwing things at her, hitting her and threatening her with death). The court attempted to bring them to agreement, i.e.: “met allerhande sachte middelen p(ar)tijen eerst soekende te bevredighen, hebbe door haar interpositie niets kome obtineeren (bewerkstellig), alsoo de Gh(edaag)de absoluijt verklaerende, noch te kome noch te willen met dito Lovijs om reedenen vooren gemelt trouwen, noch huijshouden dus hebben p(ar)tije met wedersijds bewilligingh ijndelijk geaccordeert, dat Lijsbeth soude gaen, waer het haer beliefde, doch niet met een ander trouwen noch doen by houden, immers niet te mogen in huwelijk met een ander treeden, soos langh Lovijs ongetrout was; ende dat de Vaders gelijk begeerden de kinderen bij dito Lijsbeth in onecht geprockeert, soude tot hem neemen alleen het jonghste kindt noch een jaer bij de moeder latende, mits aan de selfde voor lijfs onderhout int sefde jaer uijtkeerende vijf en twintigh Caapse gls, doch soude Lovijs gheholden sijn, gedachte kinderen in alle deucht en Christelijke plicht op te trekken, en doen opvoeden, soo met school te senden als anders: en sij p(ar)tijen voor den Achtbaaren Raad met dit accoort vergenoegt geweest”.

An agreement was reached before the court, but it did not hold for long, because later that year, Louis sued Lijsbeth and her lover, William Teerling, and demanded that the court reinstate her in slavery.

It is unclear when the relationship between Lijsbeth and William Teerling began. He was born in England and worked for the company (VOC) for several years before becoming a vryburger and was for a while a servant and sheep herder for Louis van Bengale.

Louis fired Teerling because of his relationship with Lijsbeth and sued them both, demanding custody of the youngest child (presumably Maria); release from the promise to marry her, "haer t’enemael ten opsigte van trouwbeloften en anders ontslagen te sijn”, adding that he had failed to comply with the promise to marry because she was was not a Christian, "sy niet in de Chr(istelijke) religie onderwesen, off gedoopt was". He also demanded that the court reinstate her in slavery, “wederom in slawernij bij den eijs(e)r gestelt”. Hattingh writes that the court determined that he could get the child once he had paid Lijsbeth the full "kostegeld" - perhaps the expenses related to the child's upkeep.4 
Residence*Louis van Bengale lived in July 1690 Tafelvallij, Cabo de Boa Esperança.4 
Ledemaat*On 15 April 1697, Louis van Bengale was admitted as a congregant of the Dutch Reformed Church Cape Town. Hattingh writes that Louis was subjected to the usual questioning and declaration of faith. He states that for more than a decade this was the only declaration of faith by a freed slave in the Cape Town congregation. Usually freed slaves were only baptised and Hattingh suggests that this event speaks "volumes" about community life as well as Louis deep faith.4 
Will* 30 August 1697, Louis van Bengale and Rebecca van Macassar executed a will at Cabo de Boa Esperança. Louis made particular provisions for his three natural children. At his death each would receive fifty rijksdaalders; and, he lodged the money with the Orphan's Chamber because his financial situation was precarious..4 
Names in the record, in publications, etc.6 June 1680, the name of Louis was written in the record as Louys van Bengale.
1 April 1685, the name of Louis was written in the record as Louvys van Bangala.
10 February 1686, the name of Louis was written in the record as Louys van Bengala.
20 December 1705, the name of Louis was written in the record as Lowies van Bengale.10
Baptisms - WitnessLouys van Bengale and Armosyn de Groote van de Caep and Lijsbeth Sanders witnessed the baptism of Elizabeth Louisz on 6 October 1680 Nederduitsch Gereformeerde Kerk, (Cape Town), de Caep de Goede Hoop.11,12,4
He is named as a parent in the record of the baptism of Anna Louisz on 1 April 1685 Nederduitsch Gereformeerde Kerk, (Cape Town), de Caep de Goede Hoop.13,4
He is named as a parent in the record of the baptism of Maria Louisz on 10 February 1686 Nederduitsch Gereformeerde Kerk, (Cape Town), de Caep de Goede Hoop.14,15
He and Marritie Pieterz witnessed the baptism of Anna Elisabeth Pretorius on 14 April 1697 Nederduitsch Gereformeerde Kerk, (Cape Town), de Caep de Goede Hoop.16,17
He and Anna Louisz witnessed the baptism of Elisabeth Coetzee on 20 December 1705 Nederduitsch Gereformeerde Kerk, Stellenbosch, de Caep de Goede Hoop.10
He and Anna Louisz witnessed the baptism of Gerrit Jacobsz: Coetzee on 6 November 1712 Nederduitsch Gereformeerde Kerk, (Cape Town), de Caep de Goede Hoop.18,19
NotesBetween 16 April 1682 and 5 May 1689 Louis van Bengale borrowed money from Andries Houwer, Jacob van Heur and Aernout Willemsz Tamboer which he struggled to repay.20
Monsterrollen and Opgaafrollen (Muster and tax rolls)Louis van Bengale appeared on the opgaafrol of vrijliede or free persons Cabo de Boa Esperança between 1673 and 1716.4
Crime and relatedBetween 28 April 1678 and 30 April 1678 de Caep de Goede Hoop Lijsbeth Sanders confessed that she had broken into the home of Louis van Bengale and stolen a gold ring and 3 silver buttons - een guide ringh en 3 paar silvered cnoopjes - she was ceded to Louis in compensation for his loss and her accomplices - two sailors - were banished to Robben Island.21,22,23
Slave BirthsBefore 6 October 1680, Elizabeth Louisz was born in bondage and was owned by Louis van Bengale de Caep de Goede Hoop.24
Slave TransactionsOn 24 May 1687 Matthijs van Java was sold by Adriaan Willemsz van Brakel to Louis van Bengale de Caep de Goede Hoop, for Rds. 35.25,26
On 25 October 1689 Matthijs van Java was sold by Louis van Bengale to Abraham Hartogh de Caep de Goede Hoop, for Rds. 30.27,28
On 21 June 1697 Titus van Macassar was sold by Philibert van Boesschot to Louis van Bengale de Caep de Goede Hoop.29
On 21 June 1697 Titus van Samboe was sold by Philibert van Boesschot to Louys van Bengala, for Rds. 53.30
On 4 August 1700 Titus van Macassar was sold by Louis van Bengale to David Lingelbagh, for Rds. 55.31,32,33
Slave EmancipationsIn 1671 de Caep de Goede Hoop Louis van Bengale purchased his own freedom after Hendrik Lacus, his owner, was found guilty of fraud. The right to do so was granted by visiting Commissioner d'E Hr Gijsbrant Goske however he did not have enough money and it took him a year to persuade the authorities to accept as sufficient the sum of 50 reals, which was all he had.4
On 27 July 1683 Cabo de Boa Esperança Lijsbeth Sanders was emancipated by Louis van Bengale her owner and lover, who described her in his application as “mijn meijt genaemt Lijsbeth van Cabo”. Two of Lijsbeth's unnamed children were freed along with her. In return, Lijsbeth was required to loyally serve Louis for a further year.

In my view the available evidence points to the two children being Elizabeth Louisz and Anna Louisz. However Mansell Upham cautions that Willem Teerling a possible son to Lijsbeth and her lover Willem Teerling could have been one of the children.34,4
Slaves owned by individualsLouis van Bengale was a slave from Bengal who on 25 September 1666 de Caep de Goede Hoop was sold by Zacharias Wagenaer to the sekunde Hendrik Lacus and his wife Lidia de Pape for the sum of 80 rijksdaalders or f 270.35,36,37,4
Louys van Bengale was the owner of Elysabet NN, a slave on 6 June 1680 de Caep de Goede Hoop. Elysabet is named as een slavin van Louys van Bengale in the baptism record of her daughter, Elisabeth.11
In 1681 Anthonij van Coromandel was owned by Louis van Bengale.32
Property TransactionsOn 1 June 1676 Louis was granted a garden in Table Valley.38
On 1 September 1676 Louis was granted an erf.38
On 17 July 1685 Louis van Bengale sold a house and erf of 50 sq. roods in Table Valley - as per the land grant of 1 .9.1676 - to Casper Solberger on 17 July 1685, for f 860. Solberg paid 100 guilders in cash, the first of four instalments, the balance came in three payments, viz. f 200 on 1.3.1686, f 280 on 1.1.1687 and f 280 on 1.1.1688.39,40

Citations

  1. [S397] NGK G1 1/1, Nederduitsch Gereformeerde Kerk, Kerken Boek (Bapt.), 1665-1695: 1675: den 5 Maij een bejaart persoon en vrij jonghman synde een Bengaall van natije, out ontrent drij en twintigh jaar en was genaamt Louijs, transcribed by Richard Ball, Norfolk, England, (May 2006), Genealogical Society of South Africa, eGSSA Branch http://www.eggsa.org/. Hereinafter cited as Nederduitsch Gereformeerde Kerk, Kerken Boek (Bapt.).
  2. [S397] NGK G1 1/1, Nederduitsch Gereformeerde Kerk, Kerken Boek (Bapt.): den 5 Maij een bejaart persoon en vrij jonghman synde een Bengaall van natije, out ontrent drij en twintigh jaar en was genaamt Louijs, 1665-1695, Genealogical Society of South Africa, eGSSA Branch http://www.eggsa.org/
  3. [S326] J.L. (Leon) Hattingh, "Die Blanke Nageslag van Louis van Bengale en Lijsbeth van die Kaap", Kronos (Die Blanke nageslag . . .) 1 (1979): citing G11/1, the baptismal register of the Cape Town congregation. Hereinafter cited as "Die Blanke nageslag."
  4. [S326] J.L. (Leon) Hattingh, "Die Blanke nageslag."
  5. [S392] NGK G1 1/1, Nederduitsch Gereformeerde Kerk, Kerken Boek (Mar), 1665-1695: ao 1694
    Den selfde Dito (den 21 Martij)
    sijn inden huijwelijken staedt getreeden Louijs van Bengalen vrijswart met Rebecca van Makasser vrij maijdt, transcribed by Richard Ball, Norfolk, England, (May 2006), Genealogical Society of South Africa, eGSSA Branch http://www.eggsa.org/. Hereinafter cited as Nederduitsch Gereformeerde Kerk, Kerken Boek (Mar).
  6. [S351] Grahame Naudé, "Dutch East India Company Shipping", Familia (DEIC Shipping) 43 Number 1 (2006): https://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/das/detailVoyage/96408
    Number     5498.1
    Name of ship     ANJELIER
    Master     Hans, Barend Barendsz.
    Tonnage     440
    Type of ship     jacht
    Built     1653
    Yard     Hoorn
    Chamber     Amsterdam
    Date of departure     30-01-1662
    Place of departure     Batavia
    Arrival at Cape     02-04-1662
    Departure from Cape     10-04-1662
    Date of arrival at destination     28-07-1662
    Place of arrival     Vlie
    Chamber for which cargo is destined     Amsterdam (83,319)
    Particulars     Second return fleet (5498-5499) under command of Zacharias Wagenaar. After the Cape under command of Johan van der Laan (see above). The ANJELIER was wrecked at Terschelling(?).
    Previous outward voyage     0795.1
    On Board     I     II     III
    Total     208                         . Hereinafter cited as "Dutch East India Company Shipping."
  7. [S654] Mansell Upham 'What can't be cured, must be endured … Cape of Good Hope - first marriages & baptisms (1652-1665)', First Fifty Years, Uprooted Lives - Unfurling the Cape of Good Hope's Earliest Colonial Inhabitants (1652-1713), (http://e-family.co.za/ffy/ui66.htm), January 2012. "2 April 1662: Angelier & Oijevaer bring:
    Cape's newly appointed 2nd Commander Zacharias Wagenaer (from Dresden) ex Batavia with wife Maria aux Brebis (from Wesel), stepdaughter Maria de Bucuoij, Widow Coen Verburg & 5 personal slaves."
  8. [S815] Mansell G. Upham 'Documented Slave Arrivals at the Cape of Good Hope (1652-1677)', First Fifty Years, Uprooted Lives - Unfurling the Cape of Good Hope's Earliest Colonial Inhabitants (1652-1713), (Unpublished), 16 November 2014. "2 April 1662: Angelier ex Batavia brings 5 personal slaves of Dresden-born Zacharias Wagenaer (1614-1668), the Cape’s 2nd commander (1662-1666):
    Japanese Christian Anthonij de Later van Japan
    his concubine Annica van Bengale
    their son Abraham
    Louis van Bengale &
    Willem van Bengale.    "
  9. [S545] J.L. (Leon) Hattingh Die Eerste Vryswartes van Stellenbosch 1679 - 1720, Wes-Kaaplandse Instituut vir Historiese Navorsing, Tygerberg, Cape Town, (1981) 0-909075-65-4.
  10. [S325] Lorna Newcomb and Ockert Malan, compilers, Annale van Nederduits Gereformeerde Moedergemeente Stellenbosch No 1.., CD-ROM (Stellenbosch) Die Genootskap vir die Kerkversameling, 2004 0-9584832-1-3), Baptism Register, Anna Elisabeth, kind van Lysbet Lowies, getùygen Lowies van Bengale, en Anna Lowies, der 20 xbr 1705.. Hereinafter cited as Palmkronieke I Baptisms.
  11. [S397] NGK G1 1/1, Nederduitsch Gereformeerde Kerk, Kerken Boek (Bapt.): den 6 October [1680]; Elisabeth; Elysabet een slavin van Lovys van Bengale; Armosy de grote, 1665-1695, Genealogical Society of South Africa, eGSSA Branch http://www.eggsa.org/
  12. [S544] E-mails from Mansell Upham (e-mail address) to Delia Robertson, 1 Aug 2010 (Personal Library, Email Upham) "The mother is specified: as slave of Louis van Bengale named Elisabeth which can only be Lijsbeth Sanders as we have her on record for being so. Paternity is unspecified. Later in life Louis van Bengale formally acknowledged paternity of all three illegitimate daughters in his joint will with his wife Rebecca van Macassar. The baptismal entry reads:
    den 6 October [1680] Elisabeth
    Elysabet een slavin van Lovys van Bengale
    Armosy de grote.    "
  13. [S397] NGK G1 1/1, Nederduitsch Gereformeerde Kerk, Kerken Boek (Bapt.): den 1 April Anna
    Louvys van Bengala en Maria van de Caep
    Maria van de Caep
    [DR: Mansell Upham argues the scribe erroneously entered Maria van de Caep as mother - and that it should have been Lijsbeth van de Caep.]    , 1665-1695, Genealogical Society of South Africa, eGSSA Branch http://www.eggsa.org/
  14. [S397] NGK G1 1/1, Nederduitsch Gereformeerde Kerk, Kerken Boek (Bapt.): eodem dito (10 Febr.) Maria
    de vader Louys van Bengala de moeder Lysbet
    Maria van de Caep    , 1665-1695, Genealogical Society of South Africa, eGSSA Branch http://www.eggsa.org/
  15. [S326] J.L. (Leon) Hattingh, "Die Blanke nageslag", Die derde dogter van Louis van Bengale is minder as ‘n jaar na die doop van Anna op 10 Februarie 1686 in die Kaap gedoop. Dit was Lijsbeth van die Kaap se tweede kind by Louis en het die naam Maria gekry.
  16. [S736] VC 605 (NGK G1-8/2), NGK Baptism Registers 1713-1742 (Cape Town), 2012: 14 April 1697 Gedoopt het kint van Dirck Pretorius en Maria Hansz onder getuijgen van Louis van Bengale en Marretie Pieters genaamt Anna Elisabeth, transcribed by Corney Keller, (1713-1742), Genealogical Society of South Africa, eGSSA Branch http://www.eggsa.org/sarecords/. Hereinafter cited as NGK Baptism Registers 1713-1742 (Cape Town).
  17. [S546] E-mails from Mansell Upham (e-mail address) to Delia Robertson, 11 Aug 2010 (Personal Library, Email Upham) "c5 Anna Elisabeth Pretorius baptised Cape 14 April 1697
    14 April 1697 Gedoopt het kint van Dirck Pretorius en Maria Hansz onder getuijgen van Louis van Bengale en Marretie Pieters genaamt Anna Elisabeth
    Note: Louis van Bengale was her neighbour.
    married 1 April 1731
    Christiaan van der Schelde (from Middelburg in Zeeland); died as koster van de kerk 24 March 1780."
  18. [S502] Website Family Search (www.familysearch.org) "[1712] do. [6 9br] van Hans Jùrgen van Zaltsbùrg, en Lijsbeth Louisz. de Getuigen Loùis van Bengaalen, en Anna Jansz. van de Caap. Gerrit.
    https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.3.1/…."
  19. [S326] J.L. (Leon) Hattingh, "Die Blanke nageslag", c6 Gerrit Jürgens ˜ 6.11.1712(K).
  20. [S658] Mansell Upham 'Made or Marred by Time - the Other Armozijn & two enslaved Arabian 'princesses' at the Cape of Good Hope (1656)', First Fifty Years, Uprooted Lives - Unfurling the Cape of Good Hope's Earliest Colonial Inhabitants (1652-1713), (http://e-family.co.za/ffy/ui66.htm), March 2012. "Heavily in debt, he borrowed money from Andries Houwer (and Jacob van Heur) and also owed money to burgher Aernout Willemsz Tamboer (from Rotterdam)."
  21. [S675] Declarations of Lijsbeth van de Caep, 28 & 30 April 1678, fol. 26 & verso; CJ 2954, Court of Justice; Confessien en Interogatorium, Western Cape Archives and Records Service, Roeland Street, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa, My thanks to Mansell Upham for sharing these citations
    Confessien en Interogatorium des Jaars 1677 tot 1687                         26 [89]
    Compareende voor de naargenoemde Gecommitt:[ede]ns     Lijsbeth slavin van de Baas Timmerman Adriaen van Brakel, de welcke ter requisitie van M[onseigneu]r: Tobias Vlasvath Fiscaal in loco vrij willigh heeft geconfesseert ende beleden, dat op voorleden Donderdagh wesende aen deser loopende maandt sij Confessandt van een Hottento genaamt Corhaeij voor twee dubbelse stij:[we]rs heeft geruijlt een guide ringh en 3 paar silvered cnoopjes, welcke goud ringh sij Confessant op Saturdagh jongstleden 's morgens vroegh aan de slaven van de borgerraet Elbert Diemer (gen:[aem]t Marij) heeft in bewaringh gegeven, mitsgaders den selvende dagh s' middags aan Bastiaen Hendricksz Gijbergh alhier aan lant bescheijden, de voorgenoemde 3 paar silvere cnoopen In't Fort de Goede Hoop a[nn]d[omin]ij 28 April 1678.
    't teeken XXX van
    de Confessante voorn[oem]t
    Ons presendt
    [signed]     J: Kroon
    [signed]     J.L Falckenreijck
    Mij Present
    [signed]     A. de Man
    secr[e]t[ari]s
    ________________
    Compareerde voor de naargenoemde gecommitee:[de]ns de voornoemde Confessante de welcke ondermael op scherpen examinatie haar voorgaande belijdenisse voor soovele noch gealteneert en gamplixeert dat sij op Donderdagh voorsz naar haar best onthoudt tegens den avondt haar na 't huijs van de borger     Louis van Bengale heeft begeven, maekende alvoorens 't venster aan de zijde van 't huijs, 't welck met twee spijkers was toegemaekt open wanneer sij Confessante haar nade achter deur begaf, de welcke sij open bevondt en weder na haar te deede gaande daar op in huijs en vervolgens inde Camer, als wanneer sij bovenop het houte Casje inde Camer een spijker vondt, net de welcke sij het gemelte Casje open maeckt, nemende daar uijt een goude ringh, 3 paar silvere cnoopjes en partij gelt sondere weten hoe veel als wanneer sij haar uijt 't venster tot dien eijnde opengemaeckt weder na buijten begaf tot voorcomingh dat 'd sij door de slaaf van gemelte Louis niet moest warden ontdeckt, hebbende sij Confessante noch dien eijgen dagh omtrent deself van 't gemelte gelt aan Bastiaen Hendricxsz voor het huijs van de borger Arnoldus Willemsz [Basson] gegeven, om dat denselve presenteerde voorn:[oemde] gelt voor haar Confessante te bewaren, mitsgaders 's anderen daags s' morghens noch aan een matroos alhier aan lndt genaamt Bart Koop…[name left incomplete] Voor haar meesters huijs al het resterende gelt de wijle den selven seijde gelt voor haar Confess:[an]te ter gelijcx te willen bewaaren. In't Fort de Goede Hoop a[nno]d[omin]ij 30 April 1678
    't merk XXX van de
    Confess:[an]t[e] voorn:[oem]t
    Ons present
    [signed]     J. Cruse
    [signed]     J. Falckenrijck
    Mij present
    [signed]     A.[dries] de Man
    secr[e]t[ari]s.
  22. [S332] Webpage tanap.net (http://databases.tanap.net/mooc/) (Original records held by Western Cape Archives and Records Service, Roeland Street, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa) "Reference code: C. 13, pp. 40-43.
    Dinsdagh 14 Junij 1678. [1]
    Presentibus omnibus.
    ...
    Den slavin van den baes timmerman Adriaen van Brackel, in hegtenis sittende over gepleegde dieverijen en gesustendeerde huijs-braack ten huijse van den borger Louwijs van Bengale, Sien konfessie van 30 April 1678 van genoemde slavin in C. J.2954: Confess. & Interrog ., 1677-1685, p. 90. is goet gevonden gem. slavinne den eijgenaer weder te laten toekomen, mits dat hij alvoor[e]ns gehouden sal sijn met gemelte Louwijs van Bengaale over de gestoolen goederen te accordeeren en deselve te contenteeren.

    Sittende insgelijcx noch in hegtenis twee matroosen alhier in guarnisoen bescheijden gent. Bartel Koop en Bastiaen Hendricx de welcqe van de bovengemelte slavin worden beschuldigt dat sij eenige gestoolen contanten van haer souden hebben genooten, 't welcq nochtans bij haer wort ontkent, Soo is mede goet gevonden de gemelte 2 persoonen voor eenigen tijt op 't Robbeneijlandt aen d' gemeene wercken te laten arbeijden, mits behoudenis van gagie.
    Aldus geresolveert in 't Fort d' Goede Hoop ten dage en jaare voors.
    ...........................
    CRUDOP.
    DIRCQ JANSZ SMIENT.
    J. CRUSE.
    Ms. VAN BANCHEM.
    mij present A. DE MAN, Secrts."
  23. [S332] Webpage Tanap (http://databases.tanap.net/mooc/) (Original records held by Western Cape Archives and Records Service) "Reference code: C. 13, pp. 61-66.
    Woensdagh 14 Julij ao. 1678.
    ....
    Den vrijje swart, Louwis van Bengale, te kennen gevende dat den baes timmerman Adriaen van Brakel, in conformite van het besluijt van den Gouverneur en Raadt de dato wegens 't geene desselffs slavin hem hadde ontvreemt, niets wilde toevoegen en gevolghlijck geen accordt met hem conde aangaen, Soo is daarop geresolveert, soo hij kan doen blijcken sijn pretentie rechtmatigh te wesen, dat de gemelte slavin ten behoeve van de g'interesseerde sal werden verkogt, mits dat den eijgenaer daertoe consent draagt off andersints hem te vrede stelt.
    ...
    Aldus geresolveert in 't Fort de Goede Hoop ten dage en jaare voors.
    CRUDOP.
    DIRCQ JANSZ SMIENT.
    J. CRUSE.
    Ms. VAN BANCHEM.
    J. RAVENSBERGH.
    Mij present A. DE MAN, Secrts."
  24. [S397] NGK G1 1/1, Nederduitsch Gereformeerde Kerk, Kerken Boek (Bapt.): den 6 Octob. Elisabeth
    Elysabet een slavin van Louys van Bengale [witness] Annesy de Grote    , 1665-1695, Genealogical Society of South Africa, eGSSA Branch http://www.eggsa.org/
  25. [S418] Anna J. Böeseken, Slaves and Free Blacks at the Cape 1658-1700 (Cape Town: Tafelberg, 1977), p.150. 24.5.1687: Matthijs from Java (27/28), sold by Adriaan van Brakel to Louis from Bengal for Rds. 35.. Hereinafter cited as Slaves and Free Blacks at the Cape 1658-1700.
  26. [S432] Robert C-H Shell compiler, Changing Hands, A calendar of bondage in southern Africa, 1550 to 1888, CD-ROM; ISBN 1-86918-063-1; (Cape Town: Ancestry24, September 2007), Slaves First Name:       Matthijs     
    Presumed Place Of Origin:       Van Java     
    Day Of Sale:       24     
    Month Of Sale:       5     
    Year Of Sale:       1687     
    Type Of Name:       Christian     
    Continental Origin Code:       Indonesian Archipelago     
    Slaves Age:       28     
    Slaves Gender:       Male     
    Price In Rixdollars:       35     
    Sellers Last Name:       Van Brakel     
    Sellers First Name:       Adriaan     
    Sellers Civil Status:       VOC employee. Hereinafter cited as Changing Hands.
  27. [S432] Robert C-H Shell compiler, Changing Hands, Slaves First Name:       Matthijs     
    Presumed Place Of Origin:       Van Malabar     
    Day Of Sale:       25     
    Month Of Sale:       10     
    Year Of Sale:       1689     
    Type Of Name:       Christian     
    Continental Origin Code:       Indian Sub Continent     
    Slaves Age:       34     
    Slaves Gender:       Male     
    Price In Rixdollars:       30     
    Sellers Last Name:       Van Bengal     
    Sellers First Name:       Louis     
    Sellers Civil Status:       freeblack     
    Sellers Gender:       Male     
    Sellers Domicile:       Stellenbosch district     
    Sellers Occupation:       Farmer     
    Buyers Last Name:       Hartog     
    Buyers First Name:       Abraham     
    Sellers Civil Status:       VOC employee.
  28. [S418] Anna J. Böeseken, Slaves and Free Blacks at the Cape 1658-1700, p. 140. 25.l0.1689, pp. 282-283: Matthijs from Malabar (33/34), sold by Louis from Bengal, "swarte landbouwer", to Abraham de Hartogh for Rds. 30.
  29. [S432] Robert C-H Shell compiler, Changing Hands, Slaves First Name:       Titus     
    Presumed Place Of Origin:       van Sambouwa     
    Day Of Sale:       21     
    Month Of Sale:       6     
    Year Of Sale:       1697     
    Type Of Name:       Classical     
    Continental Origin Code:       Indonesian Archipelago     
    Slaves Age:       22     
    Slaves Gender:       Male     
    Price In Rixdollars:       53     
    Sellers Last Name:       Van Bresschot     
    Sellers First Name:       Philiber     
    Sellers Civil Status:       VOC employee     
    Sellers Gender:       Male     
    Sellers Domicile:       Transit-at sea     
    Sellers Occupation:       Under-Merchant     
    Buyers Last Name:       Van Bengal     
    Buyers First Name:       Louis     
    Buyers Civil Status:       freeblack.
  30. [S418] Anna J. Böeseken, Slaves and Free Blacks at the Cape 1658-1700, p. 178. 21.6.1697, p. 211: Titus from Samboa (22), sold by Philibert van Boesschot, merchant on the Bantham, to Louis from Bengal for Rds. 53.
  31. [S432] Robert C-H Shell compiler, Changing Hands, Slaves First Name:       Titus     
    Presumed Place Of Origin:       van Macassar     
    Day Of Sale:       4     
    Month Of Sale:       8     
    Year Of Sale:       1700     
    Type Of Name:       Classical     
    Continental Origin Code:       Indonesian Archipelago     
    Slaves Age:       20     
    Slaves Gender:       Male     
    Price In Rixdollars:       55     
    Sellers Last Name:       Van Bengal     
    Sellers First Name:       Louis     
    Sellers Civil Status:       freeblack     
    Sellers Gender:       Male     
    Sellers Domicile:       Stellenbosch district     
    Sellers Occupation:       Farmer     
    Buyers Last Name:       Lingelbach     
    Buyers First Name:       David     
    Buyers Civil Status:       burgher.
  32. [S658] Mansell Upham 'UL03 Made or Marred by Time', Uprooted Lives - Unfurling the Cape of Good Hope's Earliest Colonial Inhabitants (1652-1713), "He owned the following slaves:
    Anthonij van Coromandel; Matthijs van Java / Malabar ; and, Titus van Sambou / Macassar)."
  33. [S418] Anna J. Böeseken, Slaves and Free Blacks at the Cape 1658-1700, p. 193. 4.8.1700: Titus from Macassar (20), sold by Louis from Bengal to David Lingelbagh, surgeon, for Rds. 55.
  34. [S658] Mansell Upham 'UL03 Made or Marred by Time', Uprooted Lives - Unfurling the Cape of Good Hope's Earliest Colonial Inhabitants (1652-1713), "p.48. Louis manumitted (27 July 1683) his slave Lijsbeth mijn meijt genaemt Lijsbeth van Cabo and her two children [Lijsbeth and Willem?] on condition that she serve him for one more year. A thorough search of the baptismal register reveals no other obvious child of Lijsbeth being baptized. Who was her 2nd child? He appears to have been the son named Willem fathered by Louis’s knecht Middlesex-born Englishman, William Teerling [Tarling?].


    ________________________
    i CA: 1/STB 18/144 (Gemengde Notariele Aktes: Louis van Bengale, 27 July 1683)."
  35. [S853] J.L. (Leon) Hattingh, "Kaapse noteriële stukke waarin slawe van vryburgers en amptenare vermeld word (1658 - 1730? 1670)", Kronos - Kaapse noteriële stukke waarin slawe van vryburgers en amptenare vermeld word (1658 - 1730? 1670) 15 (1988): 25.9.1666     CTD 3, p.111
    Die edelheer Zacharias Wagenaer, kommandeur, verkoop aan Hendrik Lacus, koopman en sekunde, die Bengaalse slaaf Louis, oud ongeveer … , vir 80 Rds of f 270. [Die getuies Dirck Bosch en Willem van Dieden het nie geteken nie.]. Hereinafter cited as "Kaapse noteriële stukke waarin slawe van vryburgers en amptenare vermeld word (1658 - 1730? 1670)."
  36. [S658] Mansell Upham 'UL03 Made or Marred by Time', Uprooted Lives - Unfurling the Cape of Good Hope's Earliest Colonial Inhabitants (1652-1713), "p.47. Louis was sold (25 September 1666) by his patron to secunde Hendrik Lacus (from Wesel) and his wife, Lijdia de Pape."
  37. [S418] Anna J. Böeseken, Slaves and Free Blacks at the Cape 1658-1700, p. 126. 25.9.1666. III, pp. 111-112: Louis from Bengal, sold by Zacharias Wagenaer to Hendrik Lacus for Rds. 80 or 1240 light money.
  38. [S658] Mansell Upham 'UL03 Made or Marred by Time', Uprooted Lives - Unfurling the Cape of Good Hope's Earliest Colonial Inhabitants (1652-1713), "p.47. He was granted a garden in Table Valley (1 June 1676) and an erf (1 September 1676)."
  39. [S418] Anna J. Böeseken, Slaves and Free Blacks at the Cape 1658-1700, p. 142.17.6.1685, pp. 72-74. Louis from Bengal had to pay f 760, in four instalments, for house and an erf 'behind' Oliphantstraat (Hout Street), with the property of Cornelis Stevens to the south-east, the 'vacant site of the Company's stables' to the south-west, the Lion's Rump to the north-west and the erf of Hendrick de Lange to the north-east.
  40. [S606] J.L. (Leon) Hattingh, "A.J. Böeseken se Addendum van Kaapse slawe-verkoopstransaksies: Foute en regstellings", Kronos (Foute en regstellings) 9 (1984): Op dieselfde bladsy van die addendum kom nog so 'n skewe verdraaiing van die gedokumenteerde feite voor. Sy rapporteer die volgendeg egewens:
    "17.6.1685, pp. 72-74. Louis from Bengal had to pay f 760, in four instalments, for house and an erf 'behind' Oliphantstraat (Hout Street), with the property of Cornelis Stevens to the south-east, the 'vacant site of the Company's stables' to the south-west, the Lion's Rump to the north-west and the erf of Hendrick de Lange to the north-east".
    Lees ons egter die stukke op bladsye 72-73 van die betrokke Transportenen Schepenkennisse-bundel, eintlik gedateer 17.7.1685, ontvou die storie andersom. Daar staan: 'Caspar Solberg, 'n vry ingesetene van die Kaap, gaan 'n skuldbrief aan ten behoewe van Louis van Bengale ter waarde van 760f vir die aankoop van 'n huis en erf in Tafelvallei, groot 50 (vk.) roede, uitgegee volgens die grondbrief gedateer 1.9.1676. Hy (Solberg) belowe om die bedrag in vier paiemente te betaal, nl. op 1.3.1686 die bedrag van 200f, op 1.1.1687 'n verdere 280f en op 1.1.1688 nog 280f.'
    Dit is inderdaad net drie paaiemente, maar op die volgende twee bladsye van die betrokke bundel, nl. pp. 74-75, verskyn onder dieselfde datum die oorspronklike transportakte (T225). Hiervolgens verkoop Louis van Bengale aan Caspar Solberg sy erf en huis wat agter Olifantstraat geleë is vir die koopsom van 860f. Aan die suid-ooste kant van die erf woon Cornelis Stevens (Botma), suidwes is die onbeboude (onbewerkte) erf na die kant van die kompanjie se stalle, noordwes is die "onbeboude of woeste land" na Leeuberg en noordoos woon vryburger Hendrik de Lange. Solberg betaal onmiddellik in kontant 'n honderd gulde wat dus die ontbrekende vierde paaiement van die transaksie uitmaak. Die weergawe verskil hemelsbreed van Böeseken.. Hereinafter cited as "Foute en regstellings."
 

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